OT Risk Assessment and Analysis
In OT, risk isn't just data loss - it's million-dollar downtime, equipment damage, threats to people. We'll identify attack scenarios, assess production impact, quantify risk. You'll know where to invest your budget.
Describe your scope — your account manager will reply within 24 hours.
- Free quote
What is OT Risk Assessment and Analysis?
OT Risk Assessment identifies and quantifies cyber threats specific to industrial environments — translating attack scenarios for SCADA, PLC, and DCS systems into concrete financial impact figures (in EUR and production downtime) rather than vague High/Medium/Low ratings. nFlo applies IEC 62443-3-2 and NIST 800-82 methodology to deliver a prioritized risk register and remediation roadmap, fulfilling NIS2 risk management requirements; 68% of industrial companies have no formal OT risk assessment in place.
Contact your account manager
Discuss OT Risk Assessment and Analysis with your dedicated account manager.
You don't know which threats could actually stop production
Systematic risk assessment tailored for OT
Asset Discovery
Identify systems critical for production
Threat Modeling
Attack scenarios specific to OT
Business Impact
Risk valuation in EUR and downtime
Honda - 5 Days of Production Downtime, 0 Days of Risk Assessment
In 2020, WannaCry ransomware stopped Honda factories worldwide. The attack came through corporate network but stopped production. 5 days of downtime, losses in tens of millions. If Honda had OT risk assessment, they would have known IT/OT segmentation was priority #1.
Without OT risk assessment:
- You invest in security randomly - “because others do it”
- You don’t know which systems are critical for production
- No prioritization - everything is “High” or nothing is
- Management doesn’t understand cyber risk for OT (IT language vs business language)
- After incident you discover you secured the wrong systems
- You don’t meet NIS2 (risk assessment is a requirement)
From Assets Through Threats to Risk Valuation
OT risk assessment is not a CVE list with “High/Medium/Low”. It’s understanding which attacks can stop production, how much it costs, and what to do about it. In business language, with concrete numbers.
What you get:
- OT asset inventory (SCADA, PLC, HMI, protocols, connections)
- Identification of business-critical processes
- Dependency mapping (what depends on what)
- Threat modeling - attack scenarios for your industry and architecture
- Vulnerability assessment - where are the gaps
- Likelihood assessment of vulnerability exploitation (not all CVEs are realistic)
- Impact valuation in EUR - how much each system downtime costs
- Risk scoring with matrix: likelihood x impact
- Risk heat map - priority visualization
- Risk treatment plan - what to do with each risk (accept/mitigate/transfer/avoid)
- Action roadmap with priorities and estimated costs
- Business case for management - ROI from security investment
Who Is It For?
This service is for you if:
- You have security budget but don’t know where to spend it
- Management asks “how much does this cyber risk cost us?”
- You want to meet NIS2 (risk assessment is a requirement)
- You’re planning IEC 62443 compliance (risk assessment is the first step)
- Auditors/customers require risk assessment for OT
- You’re undergoing digital transformation and connecting IT with OT
Our Methodology
IEC 62443 + NIST + Practice
We apply recognized methodologies adapted to OT specifics:
1. Asset Identification (Week 1-2)
- Passive discovery (network traffic monitoring)
- Active scanning (careful, outside production hours)
- Interviews with OT team
- Documentation review (network diagrams, P&ID)
- Deliverable: Asset inventory
2. Process Mapping (Week 2-3)
- Critical process identification
- Dependency mapping between systems
- Downtime impact assessment for each system
- Deliverable: Process map + impact valuation
3. Threat Modeling (Week 3-4)
- Attack scenarios from real-world cases
- Threat actor analysis (cybercrime, nation-state, insider)
- Attack paths - how attacker can reach OT
- Deliverable: Threat catalog
4. Vulnerability Assessment (Week 4-5)
- CVE identification in OT systems
- Configuration analysis (hardening, segmentation)
- Security control assessment
- Deliverable: Vulnerability list
5. Risk Calculation (Week 5-6)
- Likelihood scoring (how probable is exploitation)
- Impact scoring (in EUR and time)
- Risk = Likelihood x Impact
- Risk prioritization
- Deliverable: Risk matrix
6. Risk Treatment (Week 6)
- For each risk: accept/mitigate/transfer/avoid
- Roadmap with remediation actions
- Cost estimation of implementation vs risk cost
- Deliverable: Risk treatment plan
Risk Scoring - How We Value Risk
Example: Ransomware Can Stop Production Line #3
Threat: Ransomware spreads from IT to OT Vulnerability: No segmentation between corporate network and OT Asset: Production line #3 (SCADA + 12 PLCs)
Likelihood (probability):
- Threat actor capability: High (ransomware-as-a-service available)
- Attack vector difficulty: Medium (requires pivot from IT to OT)
- Existing controls: Low (no firewall between IT-OT)
- Likelihood score: 70% (High)
Impact:
- Production downtime: 24h (backup recovery time)
- Line #3 downtime cost: €125,000/day
- Recovery cost (backup, reinstallation): €12,500
- Reputation: lost contract with key customer (estimated €500,000)
- Total Impact: ~€625,000
Risk = Likelihood x Impact = 70% x €625,000 = €437,500
Risk Treatment:
- Mitigate: IT/OT segmentation with industrial firewall (cost: €20,000)
- Mitigate: SCADA/PLC backup + recovery test (cost: €12,500)
- Total mitigation cost: €32,500
- ROI: €32,500 spent eliminates €437,500 risk = 13x return
Decision: Priority #1 - implement ASAP
Report Format
Executive Summary for Board + Technical Details for Team
Executive Summary (10 pages):
- Top 10 risks in EUR
- Heat map - priority visualization
- Recommendations with business case (cost vs benefit)
- Timeline and budget
Technical Report (50-100 pages):
- Detailed asset inventory
- Attack scenarios with diagrams
- Vulnerability list with CVE
- Risk matrix with scoring
- Risk treatment plan
- Action roadmap
Appendices:
- Network diagrams
- Asset inventory (Excel)
- Threat catalog
- Compliance mapping (NIS2, IEC 62443)
Related Glossary Terms
Learn more about key concepts related to this service:
How we work
Our proven service delivery process.
Inventory
OT asset and process identification
Threat Modeling
Attack and threat scenarios
Vulnerability Assessment
System vulnerability analysis
Risk Scoring
Risk quantification with impact assessment
Risk Treatment
Treatment plan with priorities
Benefits for your business
What you gain by choosing this service.
Risk Valuation in EUR
Know the cost of each production line downtime
Investment Prioritization
Where to spend security budget for max effect
NIS2 Compliance
Meet risk management requirements
Business Language
Report understandable by board and CFO
Related Articles
Expand your knowledge with our resources.
PAM for OT: how do you control remote access by vendors and service technicians to industrial systems?
The vendor of your production line is an administrator you do not employ. We show how to bring their access to engineering workstations, SCADA servers and controllers under privileged access control: session approval by operations, supervision, connections initiated from the plant side and a record that is evidence, not just a video.
Read more →Third-party vendor access to critical systems: how do you control it under DORA?
The integrator of your core system, the firm that maintains your databases, the infrastructure service provider — each of them logs into systems your institution is accountable for, not theirs. We show how to turn DORA and Delegated Regulation 2024/1774 into concrete decisions about the account, the session and the evidence for audit.
Read more →Network traffic analysis with NetFlow and IPFIX flows: what you see, what you miss and how it supports NIS2
The firewall guards the perimeter, EDR guards devices with an agent. Traffic between servers, printers and cameras inside the network falls outside both. We show what can be detected from flows alone, when you need packet capture and what network data you need within 24 hours of detecting an incident.
Read more →Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about OT Risk Assessment and Analysis.
How long does an OT risk assessment take and what is the scope of work?
A full assessment takes 2-3 weeks (6 stages: inventory, process mapping, threat modeling, vulnerability assessment, risk scoring, risk treatment). For smaller facilities with a few production lines, an accelerated 2-week version is possible.
Does the OT risk assessment provide concrete financial figures, not just 'High/Medium/Low'?
Yes. We quantify every risk in EUR - we value the cost of downtime for each production line, recovery costs, and potential reputational losses. The board receives a business case with ROI for each recommended security investment.
What methodology do you use for OT risk assessment?
We use a combination of IEC 62443-3-2 and NIST 800-82, adapted to OT specifics (safety + security + availability). We incorporate attack scenarios from real-world cases for your industry, not just theoretical threats.
Does the OT risk assessment meet NIS2 requirements?
Yes. NIS2 requires systematic risk assessment for essential and important entities. Our risk register and mitigation plan fulfill these requirements and serve as documentation acceptable to regulators.
What do I receive as a deliverable?
An Executive Summary for the board (top 10 risks in EUR, heat map, business case), a technical report (50-100 pages with inventory, attack scenarios, risk matrix), and an action roadmap with priorities and estimated implementation costs.